Realization of a radar system based Arduino

Abstract

Radar technology is widely used for object detection, distance estimation, tracking, and environmental monitoring. With the development of low-cost embedded systems, ultrasonic radar-inspired solutions have become increasingly popular in educational and practical applications.This thesis presents the design and implementation of a low-cost ultrasonic radar system for real-time object detection and visualization. The system is based on an Arduino microcontroller, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, and a servomotor used for angular scanning. By rotating the sensor over a predefined angular range, the system acquires distance measurements at different spatial positions, simulating radar-like behavior. The data are transmitted to a computer and visualized in real time using the Processing environment.To improve measurement reliability, a median filtering technique is applied to reduce noise, remove outliers, and suppress invalid echoes caused by sensor limitations and environmental disturbances. This significantly enhances signal stability and measurement consistency.Experimental results show that the system successfully detects objects in real time and provides clear spatial visualization. The integration of embedded hardware, visualization tools, and signal processing ensures a stable, low-cost, and efficient sensing platform suitable for educational use and practical applications such as proximity detection and vehicle blind-spot monitoring.The proposed approach demonstrates high effectiveness in improving measurement quality under noisy conditions. It ensures reliable detection even in the presence of environmental disturbances and sensor limitations. Moreover, the system maintains consistent performance across different scanning angles, confirming its robustness and practical usability