http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/10 Fri, 24 Jul 2026 06:46:50 GMT 2026-07-24T06:46:50Z http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz:80/jspui/retrieve/63f7e324-641c-44ca-b94f-b5414305e83c/life-sciences-word-cloud-1462550.png http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/10 http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/4606 Titre: Contribution à l’étude des insectes d’importance médicale et vétérinaire Auteur(s): Kawther, Belmahboul Résumé: Les phlébotomes sont des insectes hématophages d’intérêt majeur en santé humaine et animale en raison de leur rôle potentiel dans la transmission de diverses maladies, notamment les leishmanioses. Cette étude vise à contribuer à la connaissance des phlébotomes dans deux régions du Nord-Est algérien, Jijel et Mila, à travers une approche combinant l’analyse morphologique, morphométrique et écologique.Durant une période d’échantillonnage s’étalant sur plusieurs mois en 2024, un total de 459 spécimens a été collecté dans plusieurs sites répartis entre les deux wilayas. L’identification a permis de recenser cinq espèces différentes (Pn, Pf, Lc, Pa, Sm), dont Phlebotomus perniciosus s’est révélée la plus dominante. Les analyses morphométriques ont mis en évidence certaines variations intra-spécifiques. Par ailleurs, les indices écologiques calculés (richesse, abondance, indice de Shannon, équitabilité) ont permis de caractériser les communautés de phlébotomes selon les sites étudiés. L’indice de similarité de Jaccard a montré une forte proximité dans la composition spécifique entre les deux régions.Les résultats obtenus soulignent l’influence des facteurs environnementaux — tels que la température, l’humidité et le type d’habitat — sur la distribution et l’abondance des espèces. Cette étude constitue une base de référence utile pour les programmes de surveillance entomologique et la compréhension des dynamiques écologiques de ces vecteurs dans le contexte algérien Description: Sand flies are hematophagous insects of major importance in human and animal health due to their potential role in the transmission of various diseases, particularly leishmaniasis. This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of sand flies in two northeastern Algerian regions, Jijel and Mila, through a combined approach integrating morphological, morphometric, and ecological analysis.During a sampling period spanning several months in 2024, a total of 459 specimens were collected from several sites across both wilayas. The identification process led to the recognition of five different species (Pn, Pf, Lc, Pa, Sm), among which Phlebotomus perniciosus was found to be the most dominant. Morphometric analyses highlighted certain intraspecific variations. Moreover, the calculated ecological indices (species richness, abundance, Shannon index, evenness) allowed the characterization of sand fly communities according to the studied sites. The Jaccard similarity index revealed a strong similarity in species composition between the two regions. The results emphasize the influence of environmental factors — such as temperature, humidity, and habitat type — on the distribution and abundance of the species. This study serves as a valuable reference for entomological surveillance programs and the understanding of the ecological dynamics of these vectors in the Algerian context Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/4606 2025-06-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/4419 Titre: Étude phytochimique et évaluation de l'activité antibactérienne de deux plantes médicinales Auteur(s): Douaa, LEBCIR,KAOUACHEHayat Résumé: Medicinal plants are a valuable and diverse natural resource, rich in secondary metabolites with a wide array of applications in pharmaceutical, medical, agronomic, food, and biotechnological industries. These compounds are also responsible for various biological activities, particularly antibacterial effects. Therefore, our study focused on two well-known medicinal plants: Artemisia herba-alba (family Asteraceae) and Thymus vulgaris L. (family Lamiaceae), both recognized for their therapeutic properties. Our work aimed to conduct a qualitative analysis of the phytochemical compounds present in Artemisia herba-alba and Thymus vulgaris L., in addition to a quantitative assessment of total polyphenols. We also evaluated the antibacterial activity of their respective extracts. The results revealed the presence of various groups of secondary metabolites in both plants, highlighting their therapeutic potential. The total polyphenol content was found to be 3.31 mg GAE/g in the ethanolic extract of Artemisia herba-alba, and 3.70 mg GAE/g in the methanolic extract of Thymus vulgaris L. This variation might be due to differences in extraction methods, the type of solvent used, or the intrinsic characteristics of each plant. The antibacterial activity was tested against four bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the disc diffusion method on agar medium. The ethanolic extract of Artemisia herba-alba showed notable activity against Bacillus subtilis, with an inhibition zone of 13.68 mm but without efficacy against the other tested bacterial strains. The methanolic extract of Thymus vulgaris L. exhibited significant activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.87 mm). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that both Artemisia herba-alba and Thymus vulgaris L. possess antibacterial properties and contain substantial amounts of polyphenols, suggesting their therapeutic potential in treating various infections. Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/4419 2025-06-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/4418 Titre: The effect of urban pollution on land snail biodiversity in the Mila region (Oued Athmania case) Auteur(s): Rayhana, BEKHOUCHE Résumé: This study evaluates the impact of urban pollution on terrestrial snails biodiversity in the commune of Oued Athmania (wilaya de Mila). Through field observations, physico-chemical soil analyses and ecological tools, 10 species belonging to 5 families were identified at 6 stations. Dominant species, such as Xerosecta sp. (49%) and Rumina decollata (13%), show a high tolerance to disturbance, unlike other more sensitive species. Malacological diversity is higher in stations with neutral, wet and low-salt soils, and decreases in degraded areas. Terrestrial snails are excellent bioindicators of soil quality. The study highlights the significant impact of urban pollution on this wildlife and advocates better integration of terrestrial invertebrates into conservation and environmental management policies. It is also a useful basis for future research in ecology and sustainable soil management. Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/4418 2025-06-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/4417 Titre: Production de Bioplastique Auteur(s): IBRAHIM EL KHALIL, BOURAOUI Résumé: Global fossil plastic production raises major environmental concerns and drives the development of bioplastics from renewable resources and agro-food waste1. This study targets extracting starch from unsold white bread waste and household potato peels, then formulating bioplastic films optimized for flexibility, mechanical strength, and biodegradability. Two extraction protocols were compared: • Dry bread: simple sieving-decantation. • Potato peels: grinding-decantation with alkaline adjustment1. Extracted starches (~13% yield) underwent five sequential formulations (series A–E) incorporating glycerol, NaOH, HCl, gelatin, and nanoclay1. Each formulation was cast into films, dried, then characterized thermally (water loss at 45 °C), physicochemically (water absorption, solubility), and for biodegradability in home compost over 56 days. • Yields and purity: ~65 g starch per 500 g bread (≈85% purity) and ~106 g per 782 g potato flesh (≈92% purity). • Optimal formulation: film E3 (0.7 g nanoclay) showed +35% tensile strength, +45% Young’s modulus, and 35% reduction in water vapor permeability versus reference film. • Thermal stability: film C3 (3 mL HCl) had the lowest mass loss (0.8%) after 10 min at 45 °C1. • Biodegradability: progressive mass loss of nearly 40% by day 56 in home compost, confirming film degradability. Bread and potato waste are viable, cost-effective starch sources for high-performance bioplastics1. Alkaline and acid modifications combined with nanostructured fillers achieve an optimal balance of flexibility, mechanical strength, and moisture barrier. Notable home compost biodegradability highlights environmental benefits. The study outlines an effective valorization pathway for agro-food waste into starch-based bioplastic films1. Developed extraction and formulation protocols yield films with enhanced mechanical and 107 barrier properties while retaining significant biodegradability. Industrial-scale integration into domestic biorefineries could reduce fossil plastic reliance and food waste. Future work should optimize large-scale yields and conduct full life cycle assessments to confirm environmental advantages of this circular approach. Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.centre-univ-mila.dz/jspui/handle/123456789/4417 2025-06-01T00:00:00Z